Working with Files and I/O

Python provides built-in functions for reading data from files and writing data to files. Let’s look at examples of both reading and writing:

# Example of reading from a file
with open(“example.txt”, “r”) as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)

# Example of writing to a file
with open(“output.txt”, “w”) as file:
file.write(“Hello, World!”)

Python offers modules that make it easy to work with various file formats, such as CSV and JSON.

# Example of working with CSV files
import csv

data = [[“Name”, “Age”], [“Alice”, 25], [“Bob”, 30]]

with open(“data.csv”, “w”, newline=””) as file:
writer = csv.writer(file)
writer.writerows(data)

# Example of working with JSON files
import json

data = {“Name”: “Alice”, “Age”: 25}

with open(“data.json”, “w”) as file:
json.dump(data, file)

When working with files, it’s essential to handle errors gracefully to avoid unexpected crashes. Python’s try and except blocks help manage exceptions during file I/O operations.

# Example of error handling in file I/O operations
try:
with open(“nonexistent_file.txt”, “r”) as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)
except FileNotFoundError:
print(“The file does not exist.”)