Before anything else: the laptop you already own is probably fine. Writing code is not demanding, and a machine from the last five or six years will run an editor, a browser and Python or Node comfortably.
The full explanation is here: Laptops for programming: what actually matters.
The comparison checklist, in order of importance#
- RAM. 16GB is the comfortable target. 8GB works for learning and gets tight fast. Check whether it is soldered — many modern laptops cannot be upgraded later.
- SSD, not a hard drive. Non-negotiable. 512GB is a comfortable default.
- Screen. Higher resolution is noticeably easier on the eyes for text. Matte finish if you work near windows.
- Keyboard feel. Type on it if you possibly can — you cannot change it later.
- Processor. Any current mid-range chip is fine unless you compile large projects or run virtual machines.
- Ports. Check what you actually plug in, or budget for a hub.
What to ignore#
- Graphics cards — irrelevant for web, scripting and general development
- Gaming laptops — you pay for a GPU that does nothing for code and get worse battery life, more weight and louder fans
- High refresh rate screens — pleasant, not useful for text
If your budget is tight#
A refurbished business laptop is often the best value available — better build quality and keyboards than budget consumer machines, and frequently upgradeable RAM and storage. Look for 16GB and an SSD, and buy from a seller offering a warranty.
Whatever you buy, raise the screen#
A laptop screen is always too low for good posture. A stand plus an external keyboard is the single biggest comfort improvement available — see developer desk setup basics.
Full guideRead the full laptop guide